
其实每次爬东西的时候,特怕IP被封,所以每次都要把时间延迟设置得长一点…
这次用Python搭建一个简单的代理池 。获取代理IP,然后验证其有效性 。
不过结果好像不是很理想,为什么西刺代理的高匿代理都能用???
不是说免费代理不好使吗?真的是黑人问号脸…
/ 01 / 代理获取
01 网页分析
【代理池怎么用 代理池】通过点击西刺代理国内高匿代理,得到网页信息 。
获取IP地址、端口、是否匿名、类型、速度 。
02 获取代理信息
这里记得一定要设置随机选取headers以及睡眠时间,因为我就没有设置,然后就被封了…
import time
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
headers = {
\’User-Agent\’: \’Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36\’
}
for i in range(1, 36):
time.sleep(2)
print(\’第\’ + str(i) + \’页\’)
url = \’http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/\’ + str(i)
response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, \’html.parser\’)
all_trs = soup.find_all(\’tr\’)
for tr in all_trs[1:]:
all_tds = tr.find_all(\’td\’)
ip = all_tds[1].get_text()
port = all_tds[2].get_text()
anonymous = all_tds[4].get_text()
type = all_tds[5].get_text()
for j in all_tds[6].find_all(\”div\”, attrs={\”class\”: \”bar\”}):
speed = j.get(\’title\’)
with open(\’ip.csv\’, \’a+\’, encoding=\’utf-8-sig\’) as f:
f.write(ip + \’,\’ + port + \’,\’ + anonymous + \’,\’ + type + \’,\’ + speed + \’\\n\’)
私信小编007即可获取小编数十套PDF的获取方式哦!
随机获取用户代理的代码,上面是没加下面这个函数的(结果就是被封,不过第二天又能用啦)
def get_user_agent():
\’\’\’
随机获取一个用户代理
\’\’\’
user_agents=[
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)\”,
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)\”,
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)\”,
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20\”,
\”Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)\”,
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 LBBROWSER\”,
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.0.3698.400)\”,
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)\”,
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; 360SE)\”,
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)\”,
\”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:2.0b13pre) Gecko/20110307 Firefox/4.0b13pre\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11\”,
\”Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10\”
]
# random.choice返回列表的随机项
user_agent = random.choice(user_agents)
return user_agent
# random.randint产生随机整数
time.sleep(2 + float(random.randint(1, 100)) / 20)
/ 02 / 代理验证
通过验证发现大部分都能用,不知道真的假的 。
网址用的之前识别验证码的那个网站,如云阁小说网 。
200个只有2个无效,不科学~
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import requests
import time
df = pd.read_csv(\’ip.csv\’, header=None, names=[\”ip\”, \”port\”, \”anonymous\”, \”proxy_type\”, \”speed\”])
proxy_types = [\”{}\”.format(i) for i in np.array(df[\’proxy_type\’])]
ips = [\”{}\”.format(i) for i in np.array(df[\’ip\’])]
ports = [\”{}\”.format(i) for i in np.array(df[\’port\’])]
proxy_url = [\'{0}://{1}:{2}\’.format(proxy_types[i], ips[i], ports[i]) for i in range(len(ips))]
proxy_type = [\'{}\’.format(i) for i in proxy_types]
for i in range(200):
time.sleep(1)
proxies = {
proxy_type[i]: proxy_url[i]
}
try:
response = requests.get(\’http://www.quanben9.com/\’, proxies=proxies)
except Exception as e:
print(\’invalid ip and port\’)
else:
code = response.status_code
if code == 200:
print(\’effective ip\’)
with open(\’effective_ip.csv\’, \’a+\’, encoding=\’utf-8-sig\’) as f:
f.write(proxy_type[i] + \’,\’ + proxy_url[i] + \’\\n\’)
else:
print(\’invalid ip and port\’)
/ 03 / 小结
IP协议:网际协议,作用是把各种数据包传送给对方(两个重要的条件,IP地址和MAC地址) 。
IP地址:指明了节点被分配到的地址 。
端口:端口是通过端口号来标记的,端口号只有整数,范围是从0到65535 。一个IP地址的端口有65536个,「IP地址+端口号」区分不同的服务(Web、FTP、SMTP) 。
HTTP:超文本传输协议,完成从客户端到服务器端等一系列运作流程 。
HTTPS:添加了加密及认证机制的HTTP 。
老实说,之前我对IP地址、端口、HTTP、HTTPS,是一点不了解的 。
最近在看图解HTTP,算是对它们有所了解,但是还只是那么一点点,任重而道远 。
不过罗马非一日之功,有进步就是好事(话说崔大写的代理模块真滴难懂~) 。
(今完)
- 狗狗能吃哈密瓜吗
- 马桶堵塞如何处理
- 滚筒洗衣机如何不拆清洗
- 好动的猫叫什么名字比较好
- 养狗的基本方法
- 山羊绒毛衣怎么洗
- 养猫的好处
- 地砖有污渍怎么去除
- 星际边境什么宠物好
- 2016年国际失智症日是几月几号?
